①大(da)理(li)石(shi)較軟，而花崗石(shi)較硬(ying)(ying)。大(da)理(li)石(shi)用刀(dao)或指甲(jia)都能劃傷，而花崗石(shi)卻不易。花崗石(shi)的(de)莫(mo)氏硬(ying)(ying)度為(wei)6～7級;大(da)理(li)石(shi)的(de)莫(mo)氏硬(ying)(ying)度3～5級。

②大理(li)(li)石(shi)穩定性(xing)較差，花(hua)崗(gang)石(shi)穩定性(xing)較好(hao)。因(yin)此，大理(li)(li)石(shi)在日照(zhao)、雨淋、風(feng)力(li)及紫外線作用下，易發(fa)生變(bian)化，而(er)花(hua)崗(gang)石(shi)則(ze)相對較好(hao)

③大理(li)石怕(pa)化學物質(zhi)，花崗(gang)(gang)石相對較好。大理(li)石尤其(qi)是怕(pa)酸堿(jian)物質(zhi)，它的耐酸堿(jian)性差(cha)，這個特性決定了廚(chu)房臺面用花崗(gang)(gang)石而不(bu)要(yao)用大理(li)石

④大理(li)石存在各種(zhong)石材缺陷，如裂(lie)紋、晶斑(ban)、孔洞(dong)、色(se)差，而花崗石相(xiang)對(dui)較好。大理(li)石缺陷決(jue)定(ding)了(le)大理(li)石適(shi)用于室(shi)內裝飾，少用于室(shi)外(wai)及高空裝飾，否則一且大理(li)石因裂(lie)紋的斷裂(lie)而墜落(luo)后果就不堪設想(xiang)

⑤大理石耐磨性(xing)差，而花崗石則正好相反(fan)。因(yin)此(ci)，大理石較(jiao)少(shao)用于建筑物的入口處公共場所，否則大理石表(biao)面非常容易(yi)磨劃(hua)、喪失光度(du)。

⑥大理石易(yi)變形，而花崗(gang)石抗變形能力(li)較強。大理石易(yi)出現褪色、褪光、風化現象，這(zhe)個特性決定了大理石不(bu)要選用作為(wei)室外常見光、淋雨水處裝(zhuang)飾，否則經過(guo)一段時(shi)間的(de)日(ri)(ri)曬雨淋后會失去往日(ri)(ri)的(de)美麗。

⑧大(da)理石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)強(qiang)度(du)(du)較低，而(er)(er)花崗石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)強(qiang)度(du)(du)較高。這個特(te)(te)性(xing)決定了地面裝飾用(yong)花崗石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)不要(yao)選用(yong)大(da)理石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，尤其(qi)是在人流量特(te)(te)別(bie)高的(de)機(ji)場、大(da)型商(shang)場、地鐵站、賓館、酒店的(de)入口處更不要(yao)使用(yong)大(da)理石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)

板石

凡(fan)具有(you)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)狀構(gou)造(zao)、沿板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)理(li)面可(ke)(ke)剝成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)片，可(ke)(ke)作裝飾材料的(de)(de)(de)那(nei)些(xie)經過(guo)輕微(wei)變(bian)(bian)質(zhi)(zhi)作用(yong)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)淺變(bian)(bian)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)稱為(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)。常見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)硅(gui)質(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、黏土(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、粉砂(sha)質(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、凝灰(hui)質(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)等(1)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)類及成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)主要是淺變(bian)(bian)質(zhi)(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)，也可(ke)(ke)以是某(mou)種(zhong)沉(chen)積巖(yan)(yan)(yan)，它們多由黏土(tu)、粉砂(sha)、鈣質(zhi)(zhi)或酸性火(huo)山(shan)灰(hui)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)種(zhong)多按(an)顏(yan)色(se)而定，有(you)黑板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、灰(hui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、綠(lv)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、黃板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、紅(hong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、紫板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、棕板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、鐵銹(xiu)紅(hong)等。板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)礦(kuang)物成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)復雜(za)(za)，多由黏土(tu)礦(kuang)物組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)黏土(tu)類礦(kuang)物所含雜(za)(za)質(zhi)(zhi)不同(tong)而染成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)不同(tong)顏(yan)色(se)。純(chun)凈者色(se)近青白，有(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)者則呈黑色(se)。板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)也是一(yi)種(zhong)沉(chen)積巖(yan)(yan)(yan)。形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)頁(ye)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)先沉(chen)積在泥(ni)土(tu)床(chuang)上，后來，地球的(de)(de)(de)運動使(shi)這些(xie)頁(ye)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)床(chuang)層(ceng)層(ceng)疊(die)起，激(ji)烈(lie)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)質(zhi)(zhi)作用(yong)使(shi)頁(ye)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)床(chuang)折疊(die)、收縮，變(bian)(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)。板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)主要為(wei)二氧(yang)化(hua)硅(gui)，其(qi)可(ke)(ke)耐酸。根據板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)可(ke)(ke)將板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)為(wei)三(san)大類型(xing)